Deep-well double-acting plunger pump



Dec, 16, 1924.

I J. G. DORWARD.

Das? WELL DOUBLE ACTING PLUNGER PUMP Filed March 9, 1922 liylilll, I,

7. AJ Z] v3 E3 H Patented Dec. 16, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN G.

DEEP

Application filed March 9, 1922.

DORWARD. OF

citizen of the United city and county States, residing at the of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful improvements in Plunger Pumps, of which specification.

This invention relates especially to a deep well designed for plunger pump Deep-Well Double-Acting the following is a to pumps, and double acting installation in wells employing casiiigs of limited area.

lan readily be appreciated well pumps are as a rule not only but in practically considerable distance below the in some ln view thereof it every case instances that accessibility under the best of conditions presents a difhcult problem, hence requiring the best of workmanship and ing parts, such as valves,

material when the. workluners Guides etc., are considered, and further a structure which is simple,

substantial and efficient in operation. Practically all dee-p well pumps fall into the hands of attendants, who are not inexperienced help or mechanics. The

pumps are therefore given comparatively little care and they are to rough treatment.

usually subj ected 1t is therefore necessary to carefully design the pumps and to arrange all parts so that they cannot be put together wrong or out of their proper place. It is also necessary from a mechanical point of view to properly design all water passages to insure a maximum lift as far as the valves are concerned, and to arrange for proper guides and seats. ln the ing deep well pump,

ports or water passages a gested, thereby causing water the ports and pass the valves at |This has a very erosive effect on is the source of nearly velocity.

all working parts and usual double actit is found that the re small and conto race through high all the trouble to which pumps of this character are subjected. Restricted or congested ports and valve passages cause friction, consume power and generally lower the life of the pump and the efficiency.

The objects of the present invention are to generally improve and simplify pumps to reduce the number of of this character;

parts employed; to

insure proper alignment of the reciprocating parts, and proper functioning of the valves; to provide maximum port and valve areas SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

WELL DOUBLE-ACTING PL'UNGER PUMP.

Serial No. 542,344.

breakage, etc., and to provide a structure `whereby all working parts may be readily removed for inspection, adjustment or repair, without raising the pump cylinder proper or the discharging casing to which it is attached. Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the pump partially broken away and partially in section.

Fig. Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly to Fig. 1, A indicates the main casing of a well, B the pump cylinder, and C the discharging casing to which the cylinder is attached. The pump proper consists of the cylinder B, a head member D, a plunger or piston 3, a plunger rod 4:, a pump qod 5, a coupling 6, a foot valve and seat E, and a pair of check valves 7 and 8. The

9. is a cross section on line 2-Q,

head of the pump consists of a cylindrical l shaped casting, the upper end of which is internally threaded as at 9 to receive the discharge casing C. The lower end is similarly threaded as at 10 and carries the pump cylinder B. Mounted interior of the cylindrical head member D is a pair of valve seat members 11 and 12, and supported thereby are check valves 7 and 8, the function of which will hereinafter be described.

Formed interior of the cylindrical head member, adjacent the upper end, is a tapered seat 13, and supported thereby is the upper valve seat member 11. The lower valve seat member is carried by the upper valve seat member by a threaded connection shown at 14. On the upper end of the lowermost valve seat member 12 is a seat for the valve 7 and formed below the same is an annular packing groove 15, provided for the reception of a sealing ring 16. Similarly formed on the lower end of the meinber 12 is an annular groove 17, provided for the reception of an inverted packing or sealing ring 18. Formed between the sealing rings 1G and 18 is an annular passage l stated is connected with the 19, and forming communication between said annular passage and the well proper is a plurality of ports 20. Formed eXterior of the upper valve seat member l1, below the valve S, is an annular' passage 21, and forming communication between said passage andthe upper end of the pump cylinder is a series of exterior passages 22, the function of which will hereinafter be described. The lower end of the member 1l is provided with an integral hexagou nut 11'@L to permit breaking of the screw joint 14;. Both ends are machined to form a stem and guide for the respective valves 7 and 8. Nut 11F' limits the upward inuve'in-nt of valve i' and a removable nut 11b the inov ment of valve S. ll`he lower valve seat niember 12 i's provided with an integral nut 12:L employed for thesame, purpose as nut l1a and the extreme lower end is recessed to receive a packing` gland nut as shown at 12b.

rllhe plunger rod employed in the pres ent instance is hollow or tubular in formation as shown in F ig. l, and as previously pump rod 5` by means of the coupling` member G. This coupling` member serves three functions, first that of a valve seat member; se-condly that of a-,pump rod and plunger rod guide, and third that of a coupling between the plunger rod and pump rod. Mounted within this member and guided thereby is a check valve 23, an'd forming` a guide between the coupling and the discharge casing C is a plurality vof arms 24tand guide shoes 25. The coupling member just referred to forms the subject matter vof a copending applica* tion and is therefore only mentioned briefly.

Secured to the lower end 'of the plunger 3, or in other words the phinger 4, is a tail rod Acage 26, and suitably 'secured thereto is a tail 'rod '27, which extends through and below the foot valve E; The foot valve proper 'consists of a casting 28, vwhich is cup shaped or cylindrical in formation.

The central portion or the lower side thereof is extended to foi-'1n a hexagon nut 29, which serves as 'a .guide for the tail rod, and the upper central portion is extended, as at 80, to receive a stufn'g gland 31, which may be unserewed by holding onto the nut 30. The exterior of the stuflin'g gland is machined to forni a guide for the foot valve proper, indicated at '32 and the upper surface of the casting is machined to form a seat for the \falv'e. It will also be noted that the stufl ing gland nut is provided with a collar which limits the lift of the valve 32. The exterior surface is grooved to receive a sealing ring 33, Aand th'elower exterior portion is tapered, as at 8l, to form a seat and joint with v'relation to the foot valve cage indicated at '35. This cage is threaded to permit it to be screwed on to the lower end Foot vvalve fond, in ordinary of the cylinder and it is otherwise provided with an interior machined tapered seat to receive the main casting of the foot valve.

The operation of the pump for one coinplete reciprocation will be as follows:

lVhen the plunger 3 starts on the downward. stroke, the upper discharge or check valve S will close and will be held in closed position by the pressure or column of water maintained in the discharge casing C. rlChe water in the well will enter the ports 20 and the annular passage 19, and by reason of the partial vacuum produced by the plunger, valve 7 will open and permit the water to pass downwardly through the bypass passages 22 into the upper end of the pump barrel or cylinder. The chamber formed in the cylinder below the plunger has already been filled and will during the I downward stroke 'of the plunger or pressure exerted thereby, pass upwardly through the hollow plunger rod and lift the upper check valve 23 from its seat The water will thus freely discharge between the arms 2l and enter the discharge casing by which it is conveyed to the surface of the well. 32 will-of course remain in closed position during this stroke ward pressure will 'versal of the be exerted thereon. Replunger will produce a sufficient vacuum or suction in the lower end of the cylinder to lift the foot valve and permit the water in the well to Afreely enter. The upper check valve 23 will simultaneously seat, due to the partial vacuum produced, and the pressure exerted by the water column in the discharge casing. rrlhe lwater adini'tted't'o the upper end of the pump 'cylinder will, during the reversal of the plunger, pass in an upward direction through the by-pass passages or ports 22, 'and will at the same time exert a pressure which will close the lower check valve "7, and lconversely lift or A:open the upper che-ck valve S. vWater under pressure will thus discharge into the casing C, by which it will be conveyed to thefsurface.

Many important advantages are obtained by the structure so far described: First, it will be readily admitted that practically all deep well pumps are provided` with coligested port areas or water passages'which are usually confined to the inside diameter of the pump cylinder. In the present structure by leading the water from' the valve pockets to the outside water passages 22, a practically unlimited area is obtained, 'which eliminates friction, high velocities, etc., and renders the pump practical. `Secp'umps it is common praetic'e when in'alri'ng joints to employ a long tapered lit to take in two or more joints or else to make two stra-ight lits of different diameter, iiguring the joints to 'be metal to metal, and forced into place under presas a downsure. Neither method has proven to be satisfactory. In the first place sand or grit has a tendency to enter between the surface of the joints and thus prevents proper seating of the tapered connections. This causes leakage and erosion of the metal between the joints, which in time destroys the fit. Again, if long tapered joints are properly fitted, they usually become so locked under pressure that it is almost impossible to dislodge them without breaking one connection or another. lf two straight fits are employed. it is obvious that they are expensive to produce and are easily scratched or bumped while, being installed. After a pump has been overhauled two or three times, such joints begin to leake and they are therefore subject to erosion and wear. Tn the present instance only two tapered joints are employed, as indicated at 13 and 3d. Both joints are fairly short and the members carried thereby are seated independent of each other; further where other joints are required, rubber sealing rings, such as shown at i6, 1S and 83 are employed. These rinOs are self-expanding and self-seating and they are not materially affected by sand or grit. These rings however form the subject matter of a cepending application and will not be further referred to. Third, gravity actuated valves are employed throughout, thus avoiding breakage of springs, etc., which always a source of considerable trouble. Ample seating surfaces and guides are employed in each instance, thus insuring proper seating and long life of the several parts. Fourth, perfect alignment is maintained between the pump rod and the plunger rod and perfect alignment between the cylinder and the plunger rod is maintained. first by the guides indicated at '24; secondly, by passing the plunger rod through the bearings formed by the valve seat members 1l and 12g and third., by the end guide obtained by the use of the tail rod Q7. Fifth, all working parte including the foot valve can be readily removed from time to time for inspection, adjustment or repair by an upward pull on the pump rods. The plunge-r proper will during such upward pull engage the packing gland nut 12b on the lower end of the valve seat member' 12, and by bumping' action it is possible to readily unseat or break the tapered joint, 13. A further upward pull will cause the nut on the lower end of the tail rod to engage the hexagon extension 29, and a. further bumping action will here cause the tapered joint indicated at 34 to be broken and the entire mechanism may thus be raised to the surface as all moving, reciprocating or working parts have a diameter slightly less than the pump head and cylinder proper. thus permitting them to be readily removed occasion may demand, withthe necessity of pulling out and the pump c vland replaced as out resorting to the discharge casing C inder proper.

By referring to Fig. l, it will be. seen that the tail rod 27 is `surrounded by a bumper spring 40; further that this bumper spring is secured to the upper end or the nut of the packing gland 3l. This spring is of great importance as will hereinafter appear. Consider assembling of the parts for removal, and it will be noted 'that the spring employed is of great importance inasmuch as the two tapered lits indicated at 13 and 3st are considerably interspaced and cannot be seated at the same time through metal to metal contact. This is due to the fact that when the pump is overhauled and n ot screwed up to exactly the same place, the distance between the tapered fits would be changed and the lower foot valve seat would not be pushed into position as the distance was elongated, and on the other hand if the distance between the two tapers were shortened, the foot valve would seat first and the upper taper would therefore not reach proper position. The spring employed renders this distance fiexible and insures proper seating of two tapers at all times irrespective of any change in distance between the two tapered lits. By again referring to Fig. l, it will be noted that all the edges of the ports 2O and Q2, where entering' or leaving the main bore of the head member D, are bevelled so as not to interfere with the cup leathers on the plunger 3, or the rubber sealing rings i6, i8 and 33, or any parts of the pumpwlien being installed.

Wlhile certain features of the present invention are more or less specifically illustrated, T wish it understood that various changes in form and proportion may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims, similarly that the materials and finish of the several parts employed may be such as the experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate orv various uses may demand.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:- l

l. In a pump of the character described, the combination with a pump cylinder and the discharge casing, of a hollow head member connecting the cylinder and casine', up-per and lower connected valve seat members within the head member and carried thereby, a plunger rod extending through and guided by said valve seat membersfa valve on the upper end of each of said valve seat members, by-passes formed in the head and offset with relation to the bore of the head and connecting the upper and lower valves with the upper end of the cylinder,

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said head member having ports formed therein between the by-passes and establishing direct communication between the lower valve and the exterior of the head, whereby on the downward stroke ot the plunger the upper valve is maintained closed and the water' from the well passes through the said ports and upwardly through the lower valve directly to said by-pa-sses so as to lead the water around the lower valve seat member and downwardly outside the interior of the head member and directly into the upper end of the cylinder.

2. In a pump ot the character described the vcombination .with the pump cylinder and the discharge casing, otl ahead member connecting the cylinder and casing, upper and lower connected valve seat members withinthe head member and carried thereby, a plunger rod extending` through and guided by said members, a valve seat and valve on the upper end ol each member, a plurality of interspaced extensions. on the head having passages formed therein establishingv communication between both valves and the upper end of the cylinder, and ports formed in the head yestablishing communication lbetween the exterior oit thehead and the lower valve only. Y

8. In a pump of the character described the combination with the pump cylinder and the discharge casing, of a head member connecting the cylinder and casing, a tapered annular seat formed in the upper end or" the head member, an upper valve seat member adapted to be received and supported thereby, a lower valve seat member secured to the upper member, a valve seat and valve on each member, an annular shoulder on the lower member below Jthe valve seat, a sealing ring carried thereby, an annular flange on the lower end of lthe lower valve seat meirber, a sealing ringcarriedby said lower annular flange, an annular passage formed between saidftlanges exterior of the lower valve seat member, ports Jformed in the head establishing communication between the exterior surface of the head and said annular passage, and a plurality of by-pass passages formed inthe head establishing communication between the llower side of the upper valve and the upper side of the lower valve and the upper end of the cylinder chamber.

1l. Ina pump of the character described, the combination with a pump cylinder and the discharge casing, a plungerrod entering the cylinder, a plunger on the. rod, a hollow head member connecting' the cylinder and the casing and provided with a plurality of outwardly directed lay-passes offset with relation tothe borel of the head, a pair olf check valves within said head member cooperating with the upper end of 'the cylinder, the head member having ports leading into the interior ot the head member,

whereby on 4the downward stroke of thel plunger the water from the well is led from the well into the head. member and caused to pass around the lower check valve and through said lay-passes anddirectly into the end of the cylinder, al foot valve in the lower end of the cylinder, a tail rod carried by the plunger projecting through and guided by the foot valve, and means on said rod engagea-ble with the tootv valve to remove the same in u., on with the plunger;

5,. In a pump of the character described, the combination with a pump cylinder and the discharge casing, a hollow head member connecting the cylinder and the casing and including an annular chamber provided with ports to lead water from' the well. into the chamber, spaced ley-passes formed vin the head member and otlset with relation to the bore of the head and having communication with'said annular chamber, a plunger reciprocally mountedl in the. cylinder, a hollow. plunger rod connected thereto, a check valve inthe upper end of said rod cooperating with the, lower end ot' the'cyliuder, a toot valve in the lower end of the cylinder cooperating with the aforesaid check valve, Aa tail rod carried by the plunger and projecting through and guided by the toot valve, and a pair of check valves carried in the head member, one above and the other below .said annular chamber and operable so that on the down stroke of the plunger the upper valve is closed by the column of water in the discharge casing and the water from the well is caused to open the lower `check-valve in the head member and caused to flow aro-und th-e lower check valve seat and downwardly by .way of said by-passes into the upper end of the cylinder.

6. In a pump of the characterdescribed, the combination of a pump cylinder and a discharge casing, a hollow head member connecting the cylinder and casing and haymeans` to permit intlow olf water thereinto from the well.` a plunger mounted lor reciprocation in the. cylinder, ay 'pair ot valves in said headfmemberf, and means oll set with relation to the bore ol3 the head whereby on the down stroke ot the plunge-r to convey t-he water from the interior of the head member around and downwardly past the lowermost valve through said offset means directly to the upper end ot' the cylinder.

7 In a lpump of the character described, the combination with the-cylinder and the lolunger reci )recall 1 mounted therein of a sleeve secured on the lower end ot the cylinder, an annular tapered seat. in said sleeve, afoot valve adapted to be received and supported thereby, a tail rod secured on the plunger projecting through and guided by the foot valve, a head member on the lower end of the rod engageable with the lower' side ot' the Yroot valve to unseat and litt it with relation to the annular seat when the plunger is removed from the cylinder, a spring surrounding the rod intermediate the foot valve and the plunger, and means on the plungerl engageable with said spring to torce the :toot valve againstthe tapered seat.

8. In a pump of the character described, the combination ot a pump cylinder and a discharge casing, a hollow head member, connectingI the cylinder and casing and having means to permit intlow of water from the well, a plunger mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder, a. pair of check valves in said head member, both disposed above the point of inllow of water from the well into the head member, and means whereby 0n the down stroke or the plunger to convey the water in the head member to the outside of the latter and downwardly past the lowermost of said valves directly to the upper end of the cylinder. i

9. In a pump ot the character described the combination with the cylinder and the discharge casing, of a head member connecting the same, a plurality ot interspaced enlargements on the head, each having a water passage formed therein, a plunger rod eX- tending through the head, a guide therefor carried by the head, a pair of annular ring shaped check valves carried by the guide, the upper side of one valve and the lower side of the other valve being in communication with the upper ends of the water passages and the lower end of the water passages being in communication with the cylinder, and means for from the exterior of the head to the lower side oli' the lower valve.

l0. In a pump of the character described the combination with the pump cylinder and the discharge casing, oit a head member connecting the cylinder and casing, a pair of valve seat members, a check valve supported by each, a tapered seat in the head member supporting said valve seat members, a plunger rod extending through and guided by the seat members, a plunger thereon, a foot valve unit in the lower end of the cylinder, a tapered seat for the reception ot said toot valve unit, means actuated by the plunger Vfor unseating the foot valve unit, and the valve seat members in substantial unison, resilient means actuated by the plunger :tor seating the oot valve unit, and other means 'for simultaneously seating the valve seat members.

11. In a pump of the character described, the combination with the cylinder and the plunger reciprocally mounted therein, of a foot valve unit disposed in the lower end of the cylinder, a tapered seat formed in the lower end of the cylinder for `the reception of the toot valve unit, a tail rod carried by the plunger projecting through and guided by upper end ci the admitting water the 'loot valve unit, a head member on the lower end ot the rod engageable with the lower side of the loot valve unit to permit. nnseating and removal oi the toot valve unit in unison with the plunger, and resilient means inter iosed between the plunger and the foot valve unit and engageable by the plunger to seat the foot valve unit.

l2. In a. pump of the character' described. the combination with the cylinder and the plunger reciprocally mounted therein, of a t'oot valve unit disposed in the lower end oit the cylinder', a tapered seat formed in the lower end of the cylinder for the reception ot the toot valve unit, a tail rod carried byV the plunger projecting through and guided by the toot valve unit, ahead member on the lower end oit the rod engageable with the lower side of the 'foot valve unit to permit unseating and removal of the r'oot valve unit in unison with the plunger, resilient means interposed between the plunger and the foot valve unit and engageable by the plunger to seat the toot valve unit, and a sealing ring carried by the foot valve unit and engageable with the inner surface of the cylinder.

13. In a pump of the character described, the combination with a pump cylinder and the discharge casing, of a head member connecting the cylinder and casing, ripper and lower valves coniined within the head member, the head member having a plurality ot spaced passages to establish communication between both valves and the upper end of the cylinder and also having a plurality of ports to establish communication between the eXterioll of the head and the lower valve` ill. In a pump of the character described, the combination with the pump cylinder and the discharge casing, of a head member connecting the cylinder and casing, ripper and lower valves arranged within the head member, the head member having a plurality of spaced vertical passages establishing communication between both valves and the upper end of the cylinder, and also having a plurality of ports formed therein between the passages to establish communication between the exterior of the head and the lower valve.

l5. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a pump cylindern a discharge casing, a hollow head member connecting the cylinder and casing and having an annular chamber coniined therein, said chamber having means to establish communication with the well, a plunger mounted 'for reciprocation in the cylinder, a pair et valves in the head member, both disposed above the point of inflow of water from the well into said annular chamber, and means whereby on the down stroke of the plunger, water from said annular chamber confined within the head member is conveyed uplill) wardly through and around the `lower Valve tothe upper end of the cylinder.

16. In :a pump of the character described, the combination `or 'a pump cylinder, a discharge easing, ahol'low yhead member oonneoting ,the @yl-Trudelrandeasiug and having having ports therein to pernulfar eliaruber, .a plunger mount-ed for revciprooatifon the cylinder, a pairfof vvalves yin the head member, both disposed above said ports, :aud a by-passoolset with relation lto 'the lueadrmemberl aud having comm-unleation with said annular ela-amber f within the Ahead f wherehy onv the domi :stroke of the plunger, the--upperfvalve-'is "maintained closed and' Athe waterfremf tlfie welflpa'seos through said ports into said aunulareharub'er land upwar-,elly *from 'the latter 'tlumuglrf the lower Maly-'e audv downwardly :through Said bypass-directly to the upper end fof the cylinder.

i7.' In a pump 'of the '.clraraoftfer described, 1

the combination of a pump cylinder, a 'dlaeharge easing, a hollow 'head membereon- 'the -well to -f'low into the annular eham'ber, a hollow plunger mounted `for reeiproowtion the cylinder, a pair rvof superimposed `'spaced I`#ya-lues the yhead member, both disposed above said ports,

ber direutly to lmeeting r'the cylinder audfca'sing-and havin-yg an annular chamber oou'ine'd within kthey head member, tlrefohfamber "having ports to permitwrat'er from and lay-passes havin-g 'communication with said annular chamber whereby on the down vstroke of the plunger, the water is lled into ythe chamber from the .well through the .aforesaid ports, and is directed.k upwardly through the lowermost valve .and downfwardlyon the outside ofthe circumference of the annular ehem-ber ydirectly to the upau 'annular -ehamber confined therein,y the,l .head member v.mit water from the well to How fiuto the anper end of the cylinder. f

18.y lna pump or the oharaoterdesoribed,

ueetin-g .the :cylinder andA easing. and vharing an annular chamber e'onfiued w1tlun= the head rueuiher., the eh'auiber having ports to pernurt water from lthe well :to llow yinto 'the annular ,olu-Lmlber, :a `hollow plunger mounted for reoiproeatifon iu. .the eyliuder, a pair of |supershupoeed `|spaced i valves the head lueur er, both disposed :above :Suid ports, bypasses havin-g .communication with :saidy famnular chamber whereby on xtheadown 4stroke or' thefpluuger, the water led Ainto the chamber "fromm the well through the. .aforesaid ports, isdrected upwardly through the lowferluost value and dowuwardly 'on the :outslcle fofthe VJcircumference of the lanu-ular ehailnr'the upper end of 'the feyllnder, the `.hollow plunger having a hollow plunger rod exten-ding therefromI fand `a 'valued outlet disposed in the' line of the hollow plunger larboye: @the'faforesaid lvalves fan-d operable to permit discharge-of water inst'o the disoharge -foasiug JOHN G. DGRWARD. 

